In Oct. 16, 2019 photo, a purple sea urchin sits in a touch tank at the Marine Hatfield Science Center in Newport, Ore. Tens of millions of voracious purple sea urchins that have already chomped their way through towering underwater kelp forests in California are now spreading north to Oregon, sending the delicate marine ecosystem off the shore into such disarray that other critical species are starving to death. A recent count found 350 million purple sea urchins on one reef in Oregon alone, a more than 10,000% increase since 2014 and in northern California, 90% of the giant kelp forests have been devoured by the urchins, perhaps never to return. (AP Photo/Gillian Flaccus)